![]() Renal clearance was 24% greater after morning dosing and was accompanied by an increased excretion fraction of unchanged theophylline. The elimination rate was 12% greater after morning dosing. Distribution volumes and total body and nonrenal clearances showed no differences between morning and evening dosing. Serum and urine were analyzed for theophylline and its three major metabolites by HPLC. Eight healthy men received an intravenous dose (6 mg/kg) of theophylline at 8 AM and 8 PM at 1-week intervals. ![]() We studied the extent to which there are significant temporal changes in theophylline kinetics and the relative contribution of distribution, metabolism, and excretion to this phenomenon. The temporal aspects of theophylline disposition are of interest, as there are predictable time-dependent fluctuations in the pulmonary function of patients with asthma and theophylline serum concentrations may vary throughout a 24-hour period. ![]() The average population CL was smaller, but the average Vd and terminal half-life (t1/2) were larger than previously reported for healthy adults. The population pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin were determined in 40 very premature infants (≤32 week gestational age, 0.05) of 3 mg/L among pairs of observed and Bayesian-predicted amoxicillin concentrations.
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